This article explores the development of Uzbekistan's migration policy since independence, initially focused on stabilizing politics and boosting the economy, later becoming more comprehensive as sovereignty and global ties grew. It examines national mechanisms protecting migrants' rights, including the roles of the President, Oliy Majlis, judiciary, Cabinet of Ministers, and civil society. Key reforms address foreign citizen entry, labor migration, registration, and illegal migration, aligning with the Global Compact for Migration and Sustainable Development Goals. The article proposes a 2024–2030 National Action Plan to enhance these efforts, highlighting the need for a Migration Code, better inter-agency coordination, and stronger international cooperation to address legal gaps and emerging challenges like ecological migration.