Stuttering is a speech disorder characterized by interruptions in the flow of speech, such as repetitions, prolongations, and blocks. Traditional speech therapies focus on altering speech patterns through cognitive-behavioral methods, but music therapy has emerged as a promising complementary or alternative treatment. This paper examines the effectiveness of music therapy in reducing stuttering, particularly through methods like Melodic Intonation Therapy (MIT), rhythmic speech exercises, and singing. Music therapy leverages the brain's distinct processing of rhythm and melody to facilitate smoother, more fluent speech. This review discusses various therapeutic techniques, the neurobiological mechanisms involved, and the potential benefits observed in individuals undergoing music therapy for stuttering. Research indicates that music therapy can enhance speech fluency, reduce anxiety, and improve overall communication confidence. While further studies are needed, early results suggest that integrating music therapy into stuttering treatment protocols may offer significant benefits.

Postoperative neurosurgical interventions for brain tumors can lead to severe impairments in speech functions—particularly in speech production, comprehension, and expression. When surgery is performed in the left cerebral hemisphere, especially near the Broca’s and Wernicke’s areas, cases of aphasia, dysarthria, and other speech disorders are frequently observed. This article analyzes the effectiveness of a comprehensive therapy model for speech rehabilitation, which includes speech-language therapy, neuropsychological interventions, and technological support. Standardized tests were used to assess patients' speech activity, and rehabilitation was organized based on individualized programs. The results indicate that integrated approaches yield high efficiency in restoring speech functions, especially when therapy is initiated early.

В данной статье освещается вопрос по формированию речевой компетенции будущего учителя начальных классов на примере уроков русского (родного) языка, как одного из ключевых направлений в системе непрерывного образования. В статье описываются наиболее эффективные методы и приёмы работы по развитию речевых компетенций будущих учителей начальных классов и школьников, акцентируется внимание на важности работы над устной и письменной речью и речевым этикетом детей. Одним из важных путей формирования языковой грамотности и коммуникативной компетенции автор считает использование инновационных технологий и активных методов и приёмов обучения в учебном процессе.

This article discusses the problem of speech development in preschool children. Such concepts as: speech, speech development, language are disclosed. The tasks of speech development by different authors are also presented. The question of the importance of the formation of correct and good oral speech in preschool children has been studied.

Ushbu maqola mehnat darslari orqali aqli zaif o'quvchilarning nutqini rivojlantirishning muhim pedagogik yondashuvlarini o’rganishga bag’ishlangan. Maqolada mehnat darslarining o’quvchilarning nutqiy salohiyatini oshirishdagi roli, ularning psixologik xususiyatlari va nutq rivojlanishiga ta’sir etuvchi omillar tahlil qilinadi. Aqli zaif o'quvchilarning nutq rivojlanishidagi mavjud muammolar va bu jarayonda qo’llaniladigan metodlar, amaliy mashg’ulotlar va interaktiv yondashuvlar haqida ma’lumot beriladi. Mehnat darslarining pedagogik asoslari va o'qituvchining roli haqida fikrlar bildirilib, o'quvchilarning nutqiy ko'nikmalarini rivojlantirish uchun konkret tavsiyalar keltirilgan. Maqola, mehnat darslari orqali aqli zaif o’quvchilarni nutq rivojlantirishda samarali metodlar va amaliyotlarni qo’llashda o’qituvchilarga yo’naltirilgan foydali resurs bo’lib xizmat qiladi.

The article is devoted to the issue of speech development of preschool children through the use of speech games. The idea is substantiated that the initial principle of teaching children to read and write is a "pre-letter", purely sound learning period. Special attention is paid to the systematization of speech development games and the preparation of children for literacy, for the successful further formation of reading and writing skills.

The article studies the units of address in male and female speech from a gender linguistic perspective using the example of the Uzbek and Turkish languages. Explaining the difference between gender and biological sex, the author shows how society's stereotypical views of masculinity and femininity affect speech behavior. The analysis covers factors such as social status, age, profession, formal and informal situation; features such as the affectionate function of the possessive suffix -im, the abundance of emotional-expressive units in women's speech, and the predominance of professional and vulgar vocabulary in men's speech are comparatively highlighted. Titles and deictics such as "begim", "padişahum", "hazrat momo" in historical sources, euphemistic forms such as "canım", "jonim" in modern speech, and negatively colored insults such as "khumpar", "chyort", "jouvonmarg" are classified semantically and pragmatically. As a result, a complex system of reference units is revealed, which is formed in accordance with gender, social environment, and cultural context; the research demonstrates its relevance for sociolinguistics, pragmatics, and cultural studies

This article analyzes the complex relationship between speech structure and emotions based on Patrick Charaudeau's semiolinguistic theory. Speech is considered not only as a means of transmitting information, but also as an important channel for emotional expression and social communication. The article presents Charaudeau's ideas on how emotional interpretations can be linked to the semantic and syntactic structure of speech. The article first examines the main components of speech structure and how they function in emotional contexts. The role of emotions in speech, the emotional load of language combinations and the complexities of their interaction are highlighted. Charaudeau's theory is also used to analyze the semiotic aspects of speech, that is, the connections between sign, meaning and context.

This article examines speech etiquette and the role of national culture in its formation, the emergence of socially conditioned forms of speech behavior due to various images and traditions, the specifics of youth speech in oral speech, specific ways of establishing communication between speech common interlocutors, social factors influencing the formation of speech etiquette.

The development of oral coherent monological speech in preschool children lays the foundations for the successful formation of written coherent monological speech in schoolchildren. Monologue speech is characterized by the fullness, clarity and interrelation of individual parts of the text. One of its most important features is arbitrariness, awareness. The speaker must be able to consistently, coherently present the content, correctly formalize it verbally. Monologue speech is an organized type of speech, therefore it requires special education.

Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich ta’lim dars jarayonida o‘qituvchi nutqining o‘quvchilar nutqiy kompetensiyasini shakllantirishdagi ta’siri didaktik va kommunikativ jihatdan tahlil qilinadi. Nutqiy kompetensiya boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilari uchun nafaqat til boyligini rivojlantirish, balki muloqotda erkin ishtirok etish, fikrni aniq va ravon ifodalash ko‘nikmalarini shakllantirish vositasi sifatida qaraladi.

In modern society, the formation of speech competence is of great interest, since there is a big problem associated with a clear lack of language education, low language competence of the majority of the population. Therefore, a person should learn to master the basic skills: to think independently, to look for the most correct ways to overcome difficulties; to possess a rich vocabulary, to be sociable, to work independently on their own development. In this regard, the requirements for teaching Russian language and literature include the formation of not only linguistic, but also speech competence of students related to the culture of oral and written speech, rules and methods of using language in different speech situations.

The requirements for teaching Russian language and literature include the formation of not only linguistic, but also speech competence of students related to the culture of oral and written speech, rules and methods of using language in different speech situations.

В статье рассматриваются ключевые психолого-педагогические аспекты внедрения цифровых технологий в логопедическую деятельность. Анализируются трансформации взаимодействия логопеда и обучающегося в условиях цифровизации образования, особенности восприятия цифровой среды детьми с речевыми нарушениями, а также требования к профессиональной подготовке специалистов. Отражены риски и перспективы цифровизации логопедической практики с позиций современной педагогической науки.

В статье рассматриваются ключевые психолого-педагогические аспекты внедрения цифровых технологий в логопедическую деятельность. Анализируются трансформации взаимодействия логопеда и обучающегося в условиях цифровизации образования, особенности восприятия цифровой среды детьми с речевыми нарушениями, а также требования к профессиональной подготовке специалистов. Отражены риски и перспективы цифровизации логопедической практики с позиций современной педагогической науки.

В данной статье проведён сравнительный анализ правовых механизмов защиты свободы слова в Соединённых Штатах и Германии. Цель исследования — выявить различия в подходах к обеспечению свободы слова в этих странах с учётом их уникальных исторических, правовых и культурных контекстов. Рассматриваются основные правовые нормы, регулирующие свободу слова, включая конституционные гарантии, судебные прецеденты и законодательные ограничения. Особое внимание уделяется таким аспектам, как регулирование языка ненависти, баланс между свободой выражения и общественными интересами, а также влияние прав человека на национальные правовые системы.

Down syndrome (DS), resulting from the trisomy of chromosome 21, represents one of the most common genetic causes of intellectual disability, occurring in approximately 1 in 700 live births worldwide. Children with Down syndrome exhibit a distinctive profile of developmental challenges, with speech and language impairments constituting particularly prominent and persistent features of their phenotype. The communication difficulties experienced by these children are characterized by a striking discrepancy between receptive and expressive language abilities, with expressive language typically more severely affected and following an atypical developmental trajectory compared to neurotypical peers.

Stuttering is a speech disorder that can significantly impact communication and social integration, often leading to anxiety and reduced self-confidence. Traditional treatment methods, such as speech therapy, have proven to be effective, but recent advances in technology have introduced new approaches. Virtual reality (VR) technology, in particular, has emerged as a promising tool in the treatment of stuttering. By providing immersive, simulated environments, VR enables individuals to practice speech in real-life scenarios without the fear of judgment. This paper explores the use of VR in stuttering therapy, examining its benefits, challenges, and current research findings. VR allows for personalized, controlled exposure to speaking situations, offering real-time feedback to improve speech fluency and reduce anxiety. The paper also discusses potential future developments and the integration of VR into conventional treatment approaches for stuttering.

This article describes the features of speech behavior in the framework of the sociolinguistic approach. One of its key concepts is sexual selection (linguistic diversity by gender). Sociolinguistics considers gender as a socio-demographic characteristic that determines linguistic diversity along with occupation, age, and social origin. Gender is fundamentally different from biological and grammatical gender. It is constructed by society, not established by nature. This study analyzes the lexical and grammatical features that allow women and men to talk about their communication styles. In conclusion, it is concluded that the features of male and female oral and written statements, the composition of the text indicate the presence of gender differences in speech behavior, which requires a more detailed and detailed consideration.

Ushbu maqolada badiiy asar tili va uslubi masalalari, badiiy nutq uslubi, asar tiliga munosabat, badiiy asarda syujetning yaratilishi, badiiy ifoda vositalari, asar tarkibidagi so’zlar hamda iboralar tasviri haqida bayon qilingan. Shu bilan bir qatorda, badiiy asar tilini ifodalashning o’ziga xos xususiyatlari hamda badiiy matnda tashqi tuyg’u va tasvirning ifodalanishi namoyon etilgan. Badiiy asar tlini o’rganishda muallif nutqi va personajlar nutqining o’zaro aloqadorligi badiiy nutq uslubiyatining markaziy muammolari tahlil qilingan.

Speech holidays and entertainment are one of the most relevant types of work in preschool institutions with children with speech disorders. They are based on the basic principles of the program for the education and upbringing of children with general and phonetic-phonemic speech underdevelopment in preschool. This is one of the interesting forms of speech therapy for a child using game correction.

This article explores the mutual function characteristics of parts of speech in English and Uzbek. The author conducts a literature review and analyze examples of sentences to identify similarities and differences in how word groups function as nouns, verbs, adjectives, and adverbs in both languages. The analysis reveals that while parts of speech are used to convey meaning within sentences in both languages, there are notable differences in the structure and usage of these structures. For example, prepositions are heavily used to link parts of speech in English, while in Uzbek postpositions and some case endings are used. Additionally, the flexible word order in Uzbek allows for more options in emphasis, topic prominence, and clause linking, while the rigid SVO word order in English tends to make grammatical roles clearer. The author concludes that understanding these similarities and differences can help improve communication across linguistic and cultural boundaries. The article provides a useful resource for linguists, language learners, and anyone interested in the structure and usage of parts of speech in English and Uzbek languages.

Neurolinguistics as a relatively young scientific discipline is an important area at the intersection of linguistics, neuropsychology and medicine. It offers a special approach to the analysis of clinical manifestations of speech disorders, such as aphasia, through the prism of linguistic categories and based on modern linguistic theories. The emergence of neurolinguistics became possible due to advances in the development of neuropsychology and psycholinguistics, which formed the foundation for the study of speech disorders as cognitive and neurophysiological phenomena.

The article reveals speech etiquette - a set of rules of speech behavior accepted by society in relevant areas and situations of communication. Speech etiquette is regulated by social hierarchy, national culture and rules of etiquette, rituals, education of the language personality and constant practice guided by consciousness.

During preschool childhood, a child learns only one form of speech, oral speech. Oral speech is a sounding speech, the basis of which is the phonetic means of the language, namely: its phonetic system, intonation, stress.