Universal Index Library of Eurasian Journal of Social Sciences, Philosophy and Culture

Critical reading is an essential skill that enables students to analyze, interpret, and evaluate texts for deeper understanding and informed decision-making. This article explores effective strategies for teaching critical reading, including pre-reading activities, annotation, questioning the author, and post-reading reflections. Additionally, the use of graphic organizers, technology, and collaborative discussions is highlighted as a means of fostering analytical thinking. Challenges in teaching critical reading, such as lack of motivation and text complexity, are addressed alongside practical solutions.

The learner-centered approach has become a transformative methodology in teaching English, emphasizing active learner participation, motivation, and autonomy. This approach shifts the focus from teacher-directed instruction to facilitating student-driven learning, fostering critical thinking, and addressing individual needs. Supported by established theories such as Deci and Ryan’s self-determination theory and insights from leading scholars like Weimer and Nunan, the approach promotes engagement, personalized learning, and communicative competence. Moreover, integrating interactive strategies and technology enhances its effectiveness in diverse contexts. While challenges such as large class sizes and learner readiness exist, they can be mitigated through proper training and gradual implementation. This article underscores the significance of adopting a learner-centered approach to enhance English language proficiency and prepare students for lifelong learning.

In 2024, we celebrate the 60th anniversary of the famous Karakalpak composer, pianist and Ulbibi Abdullayeva. The composer's creative path is distinguished by its originality and internal motive. Abdullaeva creates both instrumental and vocal works that intertwine traditional Karakalpak melodies with modern musical forms.

The essay explains how Olga Bergholz developed as a poet of the war-torn Leningrad in a tough siege atmosphere. The author recounts the challenging journey of Bergholz's battle with exhaustion, weakness, cold, and persistent malnourishment in the midst of continuous bombing and shelling, drawing on her recently published diaries of the war years. This gave her the opportunity to speak with Leningraders about their hardships and experiences, which Bergholz articulated in her poetic Because of her high citizenship, she was regarded by all Leningraders as the city's first poet.

This article examines the features, origin, formation and scope of idioms in English and Uzbek. Idioms, as figurative and figurative expressions in language, reflect the uniqueness of each language and culture. Their emergence and formation depend on social and cultural development, history and relations between societies. The article analyzes the syntactic, semantic and pragmatic features of idiomatic expressions in English and Uzbek.

Nowadays, there is a growing interest in the use of interactive methods, innovative technologies, pedagogical technologies in education, one of the reasons for which to date students are taught only ready-made knowledge, and the use of modern technologies requires them to think independently. teaches to search, analyze and draw conclusions.

In this article, the concept of good and evil in the Karakalpak language is used in the Karakalpak language based on the example of the works of G. Davletova. Information is given on the situation of the use of good and evil in different senses.

This article discusses the historical origins of Karakalpak folk applied art dating back to the childhood of humanity, and as humanity grew, applied art also rose. As there was a struggle for survival, intellectual labor began to separate from manual labor as the need for a better life increased. The need for hunting weapons and household items increased. First, stone carving, bone carving, and later wood carving gradually developed.

This article explores the concept of professional-pedagogical competence, emphasizing its complex nature and the various levels of development throughout a teacher’s career. It examines the definitions and classifications of competence, referencing key scholars such as A.K. Markova, N.V. Kuzmina, and S.A. Gaponenko, who highlight different dimensions of competence, including specialized, methodological, social, psychological, and autopsychological. The article discusses how these competences contribute to effective teaching, the teacher's personal growth, and the ability to adapt to professional challenges. Additionally, the article considers the role of postgraduate education in enhancing a teacher's competence and the importance of modeling the structure of competence for future professional development.

This article explores folklore as a unique phenomenon of artistic consciousness. Folklore is analyzed not only as a product of folk creativity but also as a distinctive manifestation in the cultural and artistic development of human consciousness. The study examines the relationship between folklore and artistic consciousness, its social and aesthetic significance, and its role in contemporary culture. Key principles of artistic thought expression through various folklore genres are identified.

The article describes the first historical processes of the religious beliefs and traditions of the nomadic peoples who lived on the coast of the island.  In this, the socio-political, cultural and geographical environment of the southern coast of the Aral Sea was described using sources made by Russian, English and Central Asian scientists of the 19th century.

The article about intellectual and creative activity of teenagers is especially productive if it is devoted to the knowledge of artistic values. Here intelligence and creativity are activated. Moreover, in adolescence, there is a lively interest in art and a great need for its knowledge on the logical-cognitive and artistic-aesthetic levels. In communication with highly artistic works (when preparing teenagers for their perception and the process itself), logical and artistic thinking develops, with maximum activation of creative thinking and imagination, generalization and their own attitude, as well as reproduction. However, this is not enough for teenagers: intellectual and creative potential requires its implementation in any activity of knowledge. It is in this process of intellectual and creative development with the result of activities (for example, cognitive and educational) that the personality of teenagers is formed.

This article provides an interpretation of the scientific and theoretical foundations of the development of communicative competence of students.

In today’s interconnected world, cross-cultural communication competence is vital for IT students preparing for global careers. This article explores the importance of cross-cultural skills in the IT industry and highlights the role of online English resources in fostering these competencies. Drawing on theories from scholars such as Hofstede, Hall, and Byram, the article examines how language learning platforms, virtual exchange programs, and interactive tools contribute to cultural immersion and linguistic proficiency. Practical recommendations for IT educators and students are provided to enhance their use of these resources. The discussion emphasizes the integration of cultural awareness with technical expertise, ensuring students are equipped to navigate the challenges of multicultural work environments.

The article examines the specific features of Berdak's work from a lexical point of view. The article also analyzes administrative words in the poet's poems.

The article discusses lacunar characteristics, lacunae and lacunar units, their differences, classification of lacunae, linguistic and ethnographic lacunae, and the definition of lacunae in language.

This study examines the narrative parallels between Dante Alighieri’s Inferno from The Divine Comedy and the epic poetry of Uzbekistan, particularly focusing on the depiction of hellish realms. The paper explores how both traditions present moral and spiritual journeys, specifically their representations of the descent into hell, while also analyzing the broader societal reflections these works offer. Additionally, the study compares the treatment of Heaven and Hell in Uzbek proverbs and English aphorisms, highlighting how these cultural expressions mirror attitudes towards morality, justice, and the afterlife. By engaging with both literary traditions, this paper aims to uncover commonalities and distinctions in their moral frameworks and understandings of cosmic order.

Idioms play a crucial role in language acquisition, adding richness and cultural depth to communication. However, teaching idiomatic expressions can be challenging due to their non-literal meanings and cultural context. This study explores successful methods for teaching idioms to various types of learners, including visual, auditory, and kinesthetic learners, as well as second language (L2) learners. Through a review of existing literature and an analysis of teaching strategies, the study highlights practical approaches that cater to the diverse learning styles, providing educators with effective tools to enhance comprehension and retention of idiomatic expressions.

This article discusses the application of innovative educational technologies in preschool education and their effectiveness. The article describes innovative technologies, their impact on the educational process, and their contribution to children development. The possibilities of developing childrens' cognitive and creative abilities through the use of multimedia, internet technologies, games, and robotics in preschool education are analyzed. The introduction of innovative technologies into the educational process contributes to the improvement of teachers' qualifications and the quality of education. The article also discusses the prospects for the wider introduction of innovative technologies in preschool education and their role in the future education system.

Pragmatic competence refers to the ability to appropriately use language in various social and scientific situations. For effective professional communication, students must possess certain knowledge on the subject, and in the process of teaching English, practical use of professional knowledge is expected. Foreign language instruction includes not only understanding the literal meanings of words and grammar but also awareness of the scientific nuances of communication.

The article discusses linguoculturology is a relatively new direction in linguistics, which formed into a related scientific discipline. Tight obvious connections between language and material and intangible culture tours in society can say a lot about the culture of society and its nationally specific characteristics.